Thank you for following along with our security themed holiday calendar. Today, we summarize the last half of the calendar, in case you missed some days.
Part 1 recap (12/25) A couple of weeks ago, on the 12th of December, we posted a recap of the first 12 days:
cfengine.com/blog/2022/security-holiday-calendar-part-1
File integrity monitoring with CFEngine (13/25) On the 13th, we took a look at how you can use File Integrity monitoring in CFEngine for similar functionality to AIDE:
Throughout the security holiday calendar, we’ve looked at modules for enforcing security requirements. Writing the policy to achieve these security hardening goals is easy. By learning how, you can write policy (or modules) for any requirements, including those specific to your organization. In this blog post, we’ll take a look at five beginner-level examples to get you started, focusing on the most common resources to manage with CFEngine; files and packages. All file names, package names, etc. are just examples and should be easy to modify to your desire.
When something goes wrong or looks fishy for a particular host in your infrastructure how do you know who to ask about it? In an infrastructure managed by many and used by many it is also helpful to know what each hosts’ purpose is.
In this article we show how to add maintainer and purpose information to individual hosts in your infrastructure via the CMDB feature of Mission Portal. We will also add a Build Module to add this information to the /etc/motd file for each associated host.
File integrity monitoring is an important aspect in managing your infrastructure. Tripwire and AIDE are often cited as necessary tools by compliance frameworks1,2,3. Of course CFEngine can manage a file to make sure it contains desired content, but did you know that CFEngine also has the capability to simply monitor a file for change? In this blog post we take a look at CFEngines’ changes attribute for files promises.
File promises, changes body To monitor a file for change in CFEngine you must have a files promise with a changes body attached.
As it was well received last year, we decided to do another security-focused holiday calendar this year. The concept was roughly the same, but instead of only adding security hardening modules, we’ve also added in some other security advice and blog posts to improve the variety. Now that we’re halfway through to 24 (or 25), let’s recap the first half of the calendar.
The problematic remote shell (rsh) (1/25) Remote shell (rsh) allows you to log in and send commands to another computer over the network. It is notoriously insecure, sending traffic in an unencrypted manner. In some implementations of rsh, passwords are also sent over the network in plaintext. rsh should no longer be used, as much more secure alternatives exist, such as ssh. This module helps you uninstall rsh:
In CFEngine Enterprise we collect information from each system in the infrastructure as inventory. Some inventory is available by default, and more can be added using modules or writing policy. You can use inventory information to create a Compliance Report with checks that determine if the information complies with your security requirements. In this blog post, we will use some modules from CFEngine Build which provide inventory data, and build a Compliance Report on top of those.
All software of any significant size has bugs, vulnerabilities, and other weaknesses. This includes the operating system (OS), libraries, command line tools, services and graphical applications. Across your infrastructure, you should have an overview of what operating systems and software you have installed. Additionally, automated ways of upgrading the OS, as well as packages are desirable. Finally, ways of highlighting problematic hosts (with old operating systems and software) and prioritizing them helps your efforts to upgrade and secure your machines.
On October 25th 2022 the OpenSSL project team announced 1 the forthcoming release of OpenSSL version 3.0.7. From the announcement we know that a fix will be made available on Tuesday November 1st, 2022 for a CRITICAL security issue.
Note: CVE-2022-3786 and CVE-2022-3602 (X.509 Email Address Buffer Overflows) have been published 2. CVE-2022-3602 originally assessed as CRITICAL was downgraded to HIGH after further review prior to being published.
Affected versions The vulnerability is reported to affect version 3.0.x and does not impact OpenSSL 1.1.1 or LibreSSL3 4 5. The first stable version of OpenSSL 3.0, was released in September 2021. Older operating systems are likely using OpenSSL 1.1.1, which is not affected.
For halloween this year, we wanted to share some scary scenarios along with security recommendations to help avoid them. All the names, companies and characters are made up, but the events and experiences are based on things which could happen, or have happened in the real world.
1. Horrors of the logging library Mary the sysadmin looks over at her monitoring system, noticing an increase in requests with special characters. She recognizes the strings as log4shell vulnerability exploit attempts. Months earlier, when the vulnerability first appeared, she concluded they were safe, since the vulnerability was in a Java library. She was wrong. One machine goes offline, then another. She tries to look online for scanners, but it’s already too late. Slowly, one by one, the attackers succeed, they are remotely executing code and bringing down her entire datacenter.
The good we secure for ourselves is precarious and uncertain until it is secured for all of us and incorporated into our common life. How often do you verify your compliance? Once or twice a year? Have you considered reporting on compliance continually?
The usual suspects, Cody Valle (Head of community), Criag Comstock (Digger), and Nick Anderson (Doer of Things) see how CFEngine Enterprise can be used to implement and report on compliance, specifically the Ubuntu 20.04 Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG). Nick shows how tagging variables for inventory and Mission Portals compliance reports can be used to implement compliance reporting that is continually verified.
